Soal dan Pembahasan Bahasa Inggris SNMPTN tahun 2011 (Kode 127)

Bimbel WIN:

Belajar dari bentuk soal yang sudah pernah ditanyakan membuat persiapan menghadapi ujian yang sebenarnya akan menjadi lebih terarah, lebih fokus dan lebih efektif.

Bentuk soal yang akan diujikan dari tahun ke tahun pada umumnya materinya sama. Pada pelajaran yang menitikberatkan pada hafalan soanya bisa sangat mirip bahkan ada yang persis sama. Sedangkan pada soal hitungan, rumus dan analisanya pada umunya sama.

Oleh karena itu, kami menyarankan bagiadik-adik calon mahasiswa baru (camaba) tahun ini, kuasailah minimal 10 tahun terakhir soal ujian yang sudah pernah keluar.

Pada kesempatan ini, bimbel WIN berbagi soal asli Bahasa Inggris SNMPTN tahun 2011 kode 127 lengkap dengan pembahasannya yang mudah untuk dimengerti. Di akhir pembahasan, kami juga mengajak adik-adik camaba untuk tetap berlatih pada soal online yang sudah kami siapkan, Ayouk teruslah berlatih...!!! Semoga tahun ini kalian semuanya yang belajar disini bisa lolos di pilihan pertama kalian, Amiiin... 🙏🙏

- BAHASA INGGRIS -

Gunakan PETUNJUK A untuk menjawab soal nomor 31 sampai dengan nomor 45!

Teks 1

The most common causes of tsunamis are underwater earthquakes. To understand underwater earthquakes, you must first understand plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that the lithosphere, or top layer of the Earth, is made up of a series of huge plates. These plates make up the continents and seafloor. They rest on an underlying viscous layer called the asthenosphere.

Think of a pie cut into eight slices. The pie crust would be the lithosphere and the hot, sticky pie filling underneath would be the asthenosphere. On the Earth, these plates are constantly in motion, moving along each other at a speed of 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5 cm) per year. The movement occurs most dramatically along fault lines (where the pie is cut). These motions are capable of producing earthquakes and volcanism, which, when they occur at the bottom of the ocean, are two possible sources of tsunamis.

When two plates come into contact at a region known as a plate boundary, a heavier plate can slip under a lighter one. This is called subduction. Underwater subduction often leaves enormous "handprints" in the form of deep ocean trenches along the seafloor. In some cases of subduction, part of the seafloor connected to the lighter plate may "snap up" suddenly due to pressure from the sinking plate. This results in an earthquake. The focus of the earthquake is the point within the Earth where the rupture first occurs, rocks break and the first seismic waves are generated. The epicenter is the point on the seafloor directly above the focus.

When this piece of the plate snaps up and sends tons of rock shooting upward with tremendous force, the energy of that force is transferred to the water. The energy pushes the water upward above normal sea level. This is the birth of a tsunami. The earthquake that generated the December 26, 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean was a 9.0 on the Richter scale - one of the biggest in recorded history.

💦 Soal No. 31

Which of the following best states the topic of this text?

(A) The birth of tsunami
(B) The magnitude of tsunamis
(C) Tsunamis in the Indian Ocean
(D) Series of huge plates on earth
(E) Lithosphere and asthenosphere

Pembahasan:

Kalimat pertama wacana adalah penyebab utama terjadinya tsunami adalah gempa bumi di dasar laut. Maka topicnya adalah the birth of tsunami.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: A

💦 Soal No. 32

The main idea of this text is that ...

(A) deep ocean trench is a result of an earthquake.
(B) the energy of subduction can lead to earthquakes.
(C) plate tectonics lead to an earthquake and volcanism.
(D) tsunamis in the Indian Ocean are the biggest in the history.
(E) strong movements of undersea fault lines cause tsunamis.

Pembahasan:

Dalam wacana menjelaskan bagaimana munculnya tsunami, maka ide utama wacana adalah strong movements of undersea fault lines cause tsunamis.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: E

💦 Soal No. 33

Implied in the text is that the earthquake will never occur when ...

(A) the subduction is evidenced.
(B) seismic waves are generated.
(C) no fault line of plate tectonics happens.
(D) heavier plates and lighter ones break up.
(E) ocean trenches lie along the seashore.

Pembahasan:

Dalam wacana dijelaskan, " The movement occurs most dramatically along fault lines (where the pie is cut). This motions are capable of producing earthquakes and volcanism which, when they occur at the bottom of the ocean, are two possible sources of tsunamis." Maka dapat disimpulkan/dinyatakan secara tidak langsung bahwa gempa tidak akan terjadi ketika tidak terjadi patahan lempengan tekntonik

💥 Kunci Jawaban: C

💦 Soal No. 34

Which of the following natural disasters happening in Indonesia is related to the fault movement of plate tectonics?

(A) Volcanic eruptions
(B) Soil erosion
(C) Forest fires
(D) Landslides
(E) Floods

Pembahasan:

Pergerakan patahan lernpeng tektonik akan mengakibatkan tanah longsor.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: D

💦 Soal No. 35

The following is mentioned in the text about tsunamis, EXCEPT that they are ...

(A) predictable following any incidence of earthquakes.
(B) close to the rise of sea levels from the sinking plate.
(C) connected to deep ocean trenches along sea floors.
(D) related to strong movements of plate tectonics.
(E) highly linked to underwater earthquakes.

Pembahasan:

Yang bukan tentang tsunami adalah, "Predictable following any incidence of earthquakes".

💥 Kunci Jawaban: A

Teks 2

Some people believe that the key to averting a potential food crisis may lie in recent advances in science and biotechnology. By manipulating the genetic composition of basic crops, such as rice, it is possible to boost a plant's rate of photosynthesis and to produce bigger crop yields. This process is known as genetic modification; plants that are produced in such a way are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic modification can be carried out for a variety of purposes - not only to enhance the crop yield. Scientists have produced GMOs with higher than normal vitamin content, for example; other genetically modified crops are resistant to commonly used agricultural herbicides that used to kill the weeds round them, as well as insects and fungal and viral pests. Food products that are made from, or contain traces of genetically modified organisms are known as GM foods.

Scientists claim that a GM strain of 'super-rice' could boost rice yields by as much as 35 percent. Another strain called 'golden rice' - which contains added amounts ofvitamin A - could reduce vitamin A deficiency in more than 120 children worldwide. Some might think that such advances in biotechnology would be welcomed enthusiastically by people around the world. But, in fact, the issue of genetic modification has become one of the most controversial issues of our age. For many people, it highlights the fine line that exists between the benefits of technology and scientific innovation, on the one hand, and the risks of environmental destruction, on the other.

💦 Soal No. 36

The part preceding the text above most likely discusses ...

(A) controversial issues in genetic modification.
(B) the rate of photosynthesis of certain plants.
(C) some advances in science and biotechnology.
(D) food shortage that potentially threats the world.
(E) scientists' experiment in science and biotechnology.

Pembahasan:

Karena wacana membicarakan perihal kunci-kunci untuk menghindari potensi krisis makanan, maka paragraph sebelumnya membahas, " food shortage that potentially threats the world."

💥 Kunci Jawaban: D

💦 Soal No. 37

The word 'it' in "..., it highlights the fine line that exists between ..." (line 14) refers to ...

(A) super-rice.
(B) golden rice.
(C) biotechnology.
(D) vitamin A deficiency.
(E) issue of genetic modification.

Pembahasan:

Dalam wacana, " But in fact, the issue of genetic modification has become one of the most controversial issues of our age. For many people, it highlights the fine line that exist between the ..." Maka it refers to issue of genetic modification.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: E

💦 Soal No. 38

lt can be inferred from the text that what scientis should do is ...

(A) avoid the controversial issue of GM food.
(B) discover more environment-friendly GM food.
(C) predict and calculate the potential risks GM food.
(D) add new genes that 100 percent free of harmful consequences.
(E) work with environment activists to solve the problems of GM food.

Pembahasan:

Karena Genetic Modification mempunyai kelebihan dan kekekurangan maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa para ahli seharusnya menemukan makanan modifikasi genetic yang lebih ramah lingkungan.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: B

💦 Soal No. 39

How is the information in the text organized?

(A) Technology and product are classified.
(B) Problem solving and examples are presented.
(C) Debates on genetic modification is are higlighted.
(D) Technology for genetic modification is discussed.
(E) Vitamin A deficiency and its effects are described.

Pembahasan:

Wacana disusun dengan pemecahan masalah dan contoh-contohnya dihadirkan.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: B

💦 Soal No. 40

Paragraph 1 of the text mainly discusses about ...

(A) genetic modification of plants.
(B) photosynthesis of the certain plant.
(C) the purpose of genetic modification.
(D) a solution to alleviate the food shortage.
(E) technology to produce higher vitamin content in crops.

Pembahasan:

Paragraph utama adalah tentang genetic modification of plants.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: A

Teks 3

Text A

The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system
of the world's first nuclear submarine_the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-W prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States.

In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower-energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fissions. The heat from the nuclear chain reaction is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas.

The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam is produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600LIF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor.

Text B

The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. In the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1,000 psi (2 kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur.

A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. In a -dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is-required.

The Fukushima 1 Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11, 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3; hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3; an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4.

💦 Soal No. 41

From the two texts, we can conclude that, in both PWR and BWR ...

(A) two fluid loops are used to avoid the mixture of coolant and steam.
(B) the reactor vessel should be very large to make it more efficient.
(C) pressurised pure water is used as a moderator and a coolant.
(D) reactors can be shut down automatically after an earthquake.
(E) steam is delivered to drive the turbine to generate electricity.

Pembahasan:

Pada text A dinyatakan, " ... in which steam is produced to drive a turbin, which in turn drivers an electric generator."

💥 Kunci Jawaban: E

💦 Soal No. 42

Which of the following is factual information supported by both texts?

(A) Electricity is produced in the reactor core when boiling occurs.
(B) Water boils because the temperature is kept above 545UF.
(C) The smaller reactor is more efficient than the bigger one.
(D) Two fluid loops are used as a coolant and as a steam collector.
(E) Similar pressurised water is used to generate heat and steam.

Pembahasan:

Pada text B dinyatakan, " The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed frorn PWR." Maka jawaban similiar pressurised water is used to generate heat and steam.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: E

💦 Soal No. 43

Which of the following statements is supported by both texts?

(A) BWR power plants are more prone to earthquakes than those of PWR.
(B) BWR nuciear power plants can stand severe earthquakes but not tsunamis.
(C) PWR yields steam through pressurised water; BWR through boiling water.
(D) PWR nuciear vessels are more efficient and cheaper than those of BWR.
(E) The size of PWR and BWR is much smaller than that of the modern one.

Pembahasan:

Jawaban: PWR yields steam through pressurised water, BWR through boiling water.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: C

💦 Soal No. 44

Bassed on the two texts, we can hypothesize that ...

(A) bigger reactor vessels are safer and more cost-efficient than the smaller ones.
(B) the more electric power needed, the more and bigger reactor vessel required.
(C) the more electric power produced, the more efficient the plant will be.
(D) the smaller the nuclear reactor, the more efficient its unit cost will be.
(E) bigger reactor vessels are more expensive than those of smaller size.

Pembahasan:

Dari wacana kita dapat menduga bahwa semakin banyak tenaga listrik yang diperlukan, maka semakin besar juga reaktor bejana yang diperlukan.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: B

💦 Soal No. 45

The two texts above mainly talk about...

(A) how boiling water is used as a moderator and a coolant.
(B) the example of how pressure is used in nuclear reactions.
(C) the type of nuclear power plant to drive electric generators.
(D) the use of water in the reactor core of a nuclear power plant.
(E) how partial nuclear meltdowns can be detected beforehand.

Pembahasan:

Kedua wacana tersebut intinya membicarakan tentang penggunaan air dalam pusat reaktor nuclear power plant.

💥 Kunci Jawaban: D

Bahasa Inggris SMA dan SMK

Soal dan Pembahasan Bahasa Inggris SNMPTN tahun 2011 (Kode 127)

- BAHASA INGGRIS -

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